高中英語知識點
高中英語知識點:同位語從句
2. 用法:同位語從句的先行詞多為fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等,關聯詞多用從屬連詞that。如:
They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.
對你生病這件事,他們都很焦慮。
Where did you get the idea that I could not come?
你在哪兒聽說我不能來?
Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.
德國已對俄國宣戰的消息一大早就傳來了。
注:同位語從句偶爾由從屬連詞whether引導。如:
I have no idea whether he’ll come or not. 我不知道他是否來。
連接代詞who, which, what和連接副詞where, when, why, how亦可引導同位語從句。
The question who should do the work requires consideration.
誰該干這項工作,這個問題需要考慮。
We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.
到哪兒去度暑假,這個問題我們還沒有決定。
It is a question how he did it.
那是一個他如何做了此事的問題。
解釋:
1.that引導的同位語從句與定語從句之區別
that引導的同位語從句
that引導的定語從句
句法功能上
that只起連接從句的作用,無意義。在從句中不充當句子成分。不可省。
that替代先行詞在從句中不僅起連接作用,還充當一個句子成分。如在從句中作動詞的賓語時可省略。
意義上
從句是被修飾名詞的內容。
從句起限定作用,是定語
如:The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. (同位語從句,that不可省。)
李先生將是我們的新英語老師這個消息是真的。
The news (that) he told me yesterday is true. (定語從句,that在從句中作told的賓語,可省。)
他昨天告訴我的消息是真的。
2.一些表示“建議、命令、要求”的名詞后所跟的同位語從句中,謂語動詞用虛擬語氣should+動詞原形表示。should可省。如:
This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible.
這就是我們唯一的請求:盡快解決這個問題。
高中英語知識點:介詞賓語從句
賓語從句也可用作介詞的賓語。如:
He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day.
他對那天發生的事感到很不快。
I walked over to where she sat. 我走向她坐的地方。
I am curious as to what he will say. 我很想知道他要說什么。
Your success will largely depend upon what you do and how you do it.
你是否成功將主要取決于你做什么和怎樣做。
有時介詞可以省略。如:
I don’t care (for) who marries him. 我不管誰跟他結婚。
Be careful (as to) how you do that. 你要注意做這件事的方式。
解釋:
1.如果賓語從句后還有賓語補足語,則用it作形式賓語,而將賓語從句后置。如:
We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday.
我們認為小王昨天沒來是奇怪的。
He has made it clear that he will not give in.
他已表明他不會屈服。
2.作介詞的賓語:連詞that引導的名詞性從句很少作介詞的賓語,只用在except, but, in后。其他一些介詞的賓語從句如果由連詞that引導,則需用it先行一步,作形式賓語。如:
He is a good student except that he is careless.
他是一個好學生,只是有點粗心。
You may rely on it that I shall help you. 你可以指望我會幫助你的。
介詞賓語不可以用which來引導,而要用what來引導。如:
Are you sorry for what you've done?
你為你所做的一切感到內疚嗎?
3.某些形容詞或過去分詞后常接賓語從句,這類形容詞或過去分詞有sure, glad, certain, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied等,連詞that可省略。如:
I am not sure what I ought to do.
我不能確定我該做什么。
I'm afraid you don't understand what I said.
恐怕你沒領會我說的意思。
I'm surprised that I didn't see all that before.
我好奇怪,我以前沒看到過。
Mother was very pleased her daughter had passed the exams.
媽媽為她的女兒通過了考試而感到高興。
4.連詞whether (…or not)或if引導的賓語從句
if和whether引導的賓語從句可以互換使用,但whether常和or not連用,if一般不與or not連用。如:
I wonder whether it is true or not. 我不知它是真是假。
用if引導賓語從句如果會引起歧義,應避免使用if而用wheter。試比較:
Please let me know if you want to go.
Please let me know whether you want to go.
if從句可理解為賓語從句,意為“請告訴我你是否想去”;此句又可理解為條件狀語從句意為“如果你想去的話,請告訴我一聲”。
5.賓語從句的否定轉移。在think, believe, suppose, expect等動詞后的賓語從句,有時謂語盡管是否定意思,卻不用否定形式,而將think等動詞變為否定形式。如:
I don’t think you are right. 我認為你錯了。
I don’t believe they have finished their work yet. 我相信他們還未完成他們的工作。
I don’t suppose he cares, does he? 我想他不在意,是嗎?
6. 賓語從句的時態變化規律:
(1) 當主句是一般現在時態時,從句可根據需要用任何時態。
(2) 當主句是一般過去時態時,從句只能使用過去范圍內的任何時態。但客觀真理除外。如:
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
老師說地球繞著太陽運行。
高中英語知識點:同位語從句
2. 用法:同位語從句的先行詞多為fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等,關聯詞多用從屬連詞that。如:
They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.
對你生病這件事,他們都很焦慮。
Where did you get the idea that I could not come?
你在哪兒聽說我不能來?
Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.
德國已對俄國宣戰的消息一大早就傳來了。
注:同位語從句偶爾由從屬連詞whether引導。如:
I have no idea whether he’ll come or not. 我不知道他是否來。
連接代詞who, which, what和連接副詞where, when, why, how亦可引導同位語從句。
The question who should do the work requires consideration.
誰該干這項工作,這個問題需要考慮。
We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.
到哪兒去度暑假,這個問題我們還沒有決定。
It is a question how he did it.
那是一個他如何做了此事的問題。
解釋:
1.that引導的同位語從句與定語從句之區別
that引導的同位語從句
that引導的定語從句
句法功能上
that只起連接從句的作用,無意義。在從句中不充當句子成分。不可省。
that替代先行詞在從句中不僅起連接作用,還充當一個句子成分。如在從句中作動詞的賓語時可省略。
意義上
從句是被修飾名詞的內容。
從句起限定作用,是定語
如:The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. (同位語從句,that不可省。)
李先生將是我們的新英語老師這個消息是真的。
The news (that) he told me yesterday is true. (定語從句,that在從句中作told的賓語,可省。)
他昨天告訴我的消息是真的。
2.一些表示“建議、命令、要求”的名詞后所跟的同位語從句中,謂語動詞用虛擬語氣should+動詞原形表示。should可省。如:
This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible.
這就是我們唯一的請求:盡快解決這個問題。
看過“高中英語知識點 ”